How to Set Up a Code Review Process in GitHub
A code review process that lives in GitHub documentation but is not enforced by the platform is not a process — it is a suggestion. GitHub's branch protection rules, CODEOWNERS files, required status checks, and PR templates turn code review norms into platform-enforced gates that apply consistently without depending on individual discipline.
This guide covers how to configure GitHub to enforce your code review standards, how to reduce review friction without sacrificing quality, and common configurations for engineering teams at different scales.
Step-by-step guide
Configure branch protection rules for main
Go to Settings > Branches > Add rule. Set the branch name pattern to "main" (and "master" if applicable). Enable "Require a pull request before merging," set "Required number of approvals" to 1 for most teams (2 for high-risk repos). Enable "Dismiss stale pull request approvals when new commits are pushed" so approval cannot be gamed by approving then adding bad code. Enable "Require status checks to pass before merging" and select your CI checks.
Create a CODEOWNERS file
Create .github/CODEOWNERS in your repository. Each line maps a file pattern to one or more GitHub usernames or teams: `src/payments/ @payments-team`, `src/auth/ @security-team @backend-lead`. When a PR touches a CODEOWNERS-covered path, those owners are automatically added as required reviewers. This ensures the right domain experts review changes to sensitive areas without manual assignment.
Set up a PR template
Create .github/pull_request_template.md. Include sections for: What this PR does (2-3 sentences), How to test it (steps for the reviewer), Screenshots or recordings (for UI changes), Linked issues (closes #123), Checklist (tests added, docs updated, migrations applied). A template ensures PRs arrive with enough context for reviewers to evaluate them without async back-and-forth.
Configure required status checks
Under the branch protection rule, add your CI workflow as a required status check. Include at minimum: unit tests, linting, and type checking. For larger codebases, add integration tests and security scanning. Required status checks mean no PR can merge with a failing CI run, even with approvals. Select "Require branches to be up to date before merging" to prevent merge conflicts from causing test failures post-merge.
Set review assignment policies
Go to Settings > Code review assignment. Enable automatic review assignment for teams. Choose "Load balance" (GitHub distributes reviews evenly based on current load) over "Round robin" for most teams. Set a notification routing — "Notify the entire team" is noisy; "Notify only assigned reviewers" keeps Slack cleaner. Set a maximum number of reviews per person to prevent high-traffic PRs from overwhelming a single senior engineer.
Common mistakes
Requiring too many approvals on every PR
Requiring 3 approvals on a 10-line bug fix creates friction that trains engineers to batch changes into large PRs (fewer reviews total). Match approval requirements to risk: 1 approval for most changes, 2 for changes to critical paths (auth, payments, data migrations). Use CODEOWNERS to add domain-expert reviews only where needed.
Not dismissing stale approvals
Without "Dismiss stale pull request approvals when new commits are pushed," a workflow like this is possible: get approval, add unreviewed code, merge. This completely undermines the review requirement. Always enable stale approval dismissal for protected branches.
PR templates that are too long
A PR template with 15 checkboxes will be checkbox-checked without being read. Keep templates to 4-6 high-value prompts. If the template is routinely left blank or checked without filling, simplify it. The goal is context for reviewers, not compliance theater.
Tips
Use GitHub's draft PR feature to share work-in-progress without triggering review assignment — engineers can get early feedback on approach before the implementation is complete
Add a CODEOWNERS entry for your CODEOWNERS file itself (@platform-team or @engineering-lead) so changes to review ownership require explicit approval
Enable "Require conversation resolution before merging" in branch protection so review comments cannot be silently ignored — reviewers must resolve or be overridden
How Vantage helps
GitHub enforces your code review process at the PR level. Vantage connects the code being reviewed to the product requirements behind it — so reviewers can see which PRD requirements a PR is implementing, whether acceptance criteria are addressed, and whether the implementation matches the spec. This reduces review round-trips caused by misaligned expectations between PM intent and engineering implementation.